56 lines
3.4 KiB
TeX
56 lines
3.4 KiB
TeX
\subsection{Push Task}
|
|
\label{push}
|
|
|
|
\paragraph{Completion Time}
|
|
|
|
On the time to complete a trial,
|
|
a \LMM \ANOVA with by-participant random intercepts indicated two statistically significant effects:
|
|
\factor{Hand} (\anova{5}{3385}{5.5}, \pinf{0.001}, see \figref{results/Push-CompletionTime})
|
|
and \factor{Target} (\anova{7}{3385}{22.9}, \pinf{0.001}).
|
|
\level{Skeleton} was the fastest, more than \level{None} (\percent{+18}, \p{0.005}), \level{Occlusion} (\percent{+26}, \pinf{0.001}), \level{Tips} (\percent{+22}, \pinf{0.001}), and \level{Contour} (\percent{+20}, \p{0.001}).
|
|
|
|
Three groups of targets volumes were identified:
|
|
(1) sides \level{R}, \level{L}, and \level{LF} targets were the fastest;
|
|
(2) back and front \level{RB}, \level{F}, and \level{RF} were slower (\p{0.003});
|
|
and (3) back \level{B} and \level{LB} targets were the slowest (\p{0.04}).
|
|
|
|
\paragraph{Contacts}
|
|
|
|
On the number of contacts,
|
|
a \LMM \ANOVA with by-participant random intercepts indicated two statistically significant effects:
|
|
\factor{Hand} (\anova{5}{3385}{6.2}, \pinf{0.001}, see \figref{results/Push-ContactsCount})
|
|
and \factor{Target} (\anova{7}{3385}{25.6}, \pinf{0.001}).
|
|
|
|
Fewer contacts were made with \level{Skeleton} than with \level{None} (\percent{-23}, \pinf{0.001}), \level{Occlusion} (\percent{-26}, \pinf{0.001}), \level{Tips} (\percent{-18}, \p{0.004}), and \level{Contour} (\percent{-15}, \p{0.02});
|
|
and less with \level{Mesh} than with \level{Occlusion} (\percent{-14}, \p{0.04}).
|
|
This indicates how effective a visual hand augmentation is: a lower result indicates a smoother ability to push and rotate properly the cube into the target, as one would probably do with a real cube.
|
|
|
|
Targets on the left (\level{L}, \level{LF}) and the right (\level{R}) were easier to reach than the back ones (\level{B}, \level{LB}, \pinf{0.001}).
|
|
|
|
\paragraph{Time per Contact}
|
|
|
|
On the mean time spent on each contact,
|
|
a \LMM \ANOVA with by-participant random intercepts indicated two statistically significant effects:
|
|
\factor{Hand} (\anova{5}{3385}{7.7}, \pinf{0.001}, see \figref{results/Push-MeanContactTime})
|
|
and \factor{Target} (\anova{7}{3385}{17.9}, \pinf{0.001}).
|
|
|
|
It was shorter with \level{None} than with \level{Skeleton} (\percent{-10}, \pinf{0.001}) and \level{Mesh} (\percent{-8}, \p{0.03});
|
|
and shorter with \level{Occlusion} than with \level{Tips} (\percent{-10}, \p{0.002}), \level{Contour} (\percent{-10}, \p{0.001}), \level{Skeleton} (\percent{-14}, \p{0.001}), and \level{Mesh} (\percent{-12}, \p{0.03}).
|
|
This result suggests that users pushed the virtual cube with more confidence with a visible visual hand augmentation.
|
|
On the contrary, the lack of visual hand constrained the participants to give more attention to the cube's reactions.
|
|
|
|
Targets on the left (\level{L}, \level{LF}) and the right (\level{R}) sides had higher \response{Timer per Contact} than all the other targets (\p{0.005}).
|
|
|
|
\begin{subfigs}{push_results}{Results of the push task performance metrics for each visual hand augmentation.}[
|
|
Geometric means with bootstrap \percent{95} \CI
|
|
and Tukey's \HSD pairwise comparisons: *** is \pinf{0.001}, ** is \pinf{0.01}, and * is \pinf{0.05}.
|
|
][
|
|
\item Time to complete a trial.
|
|
\item Number of contacts with the cube.
|
|
\item Time spent on each contact.
|
|
]
|
|
\subfig[0.32]{results/Push-CompletionTime}
|
|
\subfig[0.32]{results/Push-ContactsCount}
|
|
\subfig[0.32]{results/Push-MeanContactTime}
|
|
\end{subfigs}
|