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Erwan Normand
2024-10-13 00:23:15 +02:00
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2-perception/xr-perception/3-experiment.tex
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@@ -114,51 +114,64 @@ They all signed an informed consent form before the user study and were unaware
For each trial, the \response{Texture Choice} by the participant as the roughest of the pair was recorded.
The \response{Response Time} between the end of the trial and the choice of the participant was also measured as an indicator of the difficulty of the task.
At each frame, the \response{Finger Position} and \response{Finger Speed} were recorded to control for possible differences in texture exploration behaviour.
Participants also rated their experience after each \factor{Visual Rendering} block of trials using the questions shown in \tabref{questions}.
After each \factor{Visual Rendering} block of trials, participants rated their experience with the vibrotactile textures (all blocks), the vibrotactile device (all blocks), the virtual hand rendering (all except \level{Mixed} block) and the \VE (\level{Virtual} block) using the questions shown in \tabref{questions}.
They also assessed their workload with the NASA Task Load Index (\response{NASA-TLX}) questionnaire after each blocks of trials.
After each \factor{Visual Rendering} block of trials, participants rated their experience with the vibrotactile textures (all blocks), the vibrotactile device (all blocks), the virtual hand rendering (all except \level{Mixed} block) and the \VE (\level{Virtual} block) using the questions shown in \tabref{questions1}.
They also assessed their workload with the NASA Task Load Index (\response{NASA-TLX}) questionnaire after each blocks of trials (\tabref{questions2}).
For all questions, participants were shown only labels (\eg \enquote{Not at all} or \enquote{Extremely}) and not the actual scale values (\eg 1 or 5) \cite{muller2014survey}.
\newcommand{\scalegroup}[2]{\multirow{#1}{1\linewidth}{#2}}
\begin{tabwide}{questions}
{Questions asked to participants after each \factor{Visual Rendering} block of trials.}
\afterpage{
\begin{tabwide}{questions1}
{First part of the questions asked to participants after each \factor{Visual Rendering} block of trials.}
[
Unipolar scale questions were 5-point Likert scales (1~=~Not at all, 2~=~Slightly, 3~=~Moderately, 4~=~Very and 5~=~Extremely).
Bipolar scale questions were 7-point Likert scales (1~=~Extremely A, 2~=~Moderately A, 3~=~Slightly A, 4~=~Neither A nor B, 5~=~Slightly B, 6~=~Moderately B, 7~=~Extremely B),
where A and B are the two poles of the scale (indicated in parentheses in the Scale column of the questions).
Participants were shown only the labels for all questions.
]
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{l X p{0.2\linewidth}}
\toprule
\textbf{Code} & \textbf{Question} & \textbf{Scale} \\
\midrule
Texture Agency & Did the tactile sensations of texture seem to be caused by your movements? & \scalegroup{4}{Unipolar (1-5)} \\
Texture Realism & How realistic were the tactile textures? & \\
Texture Plausibility & Did you feel like you were actually touching textures? & \\
Texture Latency & Did the sensations of texture seem to lag behind your movements? & \\
\midrule
Vibration Location & Did the vibrations seem to come from the surface you were touching or did you feel them on the top of your finger? & Bipolar (1=surface, 7=finger) \\
Vibration Strength & Overall, how weak or strong were the vibrations? & Bipolar (1=weak, 7=strong) \\
Device Distraction & To what extent did the vibrotactile device distract you from the task? & \scalegroup{2}{Unipolar (1-5)} \\
Device Discomfort & How uncomfortable was it to use the vibrotactile device? & \\
\midrule
Hand Agency & Did the movements of the virtual hand seem to be caused by your movements? & \scalegroup{5}{Unipolar (1-5)} \\
Hand Similarity & How similar was the virtual hand to your own hand in appearance? & \\
Hand Ownership & Did you feel the virtual hand was your own hand? & \\
Hand Latency & Did the virtual hand seem to lag behind your movements? & \\
Hand Distraction & To what extent did the virtual hand distract you from the task? & \\
Hand Reference & Overall, did you focus on your own hand or the virtual hand to complete the task? & Bipolar (1=own, 7=virtual) \\
\midrule
Virtual Realism & How realistic was the virtual environment? & \scalegroup{2}{Unipolar (1-5)} \\
Virtual Similarity & How similar was the virtual environment to the real one? & \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{tabwide}
}
\begin{tab}[!htb]{questions2}
{NASA-TLX questions asked to participants after each \factor{Visual Rendering} block of trials.}
[
Unipolar scale questions were 5-point Likert scales (1~=~Not at all, 2~=~Slightly, 3~=~Moderately, 4~=~Very and 5~=~Extremely).
Bipolar scale questions were 7-point Likert scales (1~=~Extremely A, 2~=~Moderately A, 3~=~Slightly A, 4~=~Neither A nor B, 5~=~Slightly B, 6~=~Moderately B, 7~=~Extremely B),
where A and B are the two poles of the scale (indicated in parentheses in the Scale column of the questions).
NASA TLX questions were bipolar 100-points scales (0~=~Very Low and 100~=~Very High, except for Performance where 0~=~Perfect and 100~=~Failure).
Questions were bipolar 100-points scales (0~=~Very Low and 100~=~Very High, except for Performance where 0~=~Perfect and 100~=~Failure).
Participants were shown only the labels for all questions.
]
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{l X p{0.2\linewidth}}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{p{0.13\linewidth} X}
\toprule
\textbf{Code} & \textbf{Question} & \textbf{Scale} \\
\textbf{Code} & \textbf{Question} \\
\midrule
Texture Agency & Did the tactile sensations of texture seem to be caused by your movements? & \scalegroup{4}{Unipolar (1-5)} \\
Texture Realism & How realistic were the tactile textures? & \\
Texture Plausibility & Did you feel like you were actually touching textures? & \\
Texture Latency & Did the sensations of texture seem to lag behind your movements? & \\
\midrule
Vibration Location & Did the vibrations seem to come from the surface you were touching or did you feel them on the top of your finger? & Bipolar (1=surface, 7=finger) \\
Vibration Strength & Overall, how weak or strong were the vibrations? & Bipolar (1=weak, 7=strong) \\
Device Distraction & To what extent did the vibrotactile device distract you from the task? & \scalegroup{2}{Unipolar (1-5)} \\
Device Discomfort & How uncomfortable was it to use the vibrotactile device? & \\
\midrule
Hand Agency & Did the movements of the virtual hand seem to be caused by your movements? & \scalegroup{5}{Unipolar (1-5)} \\
Hand Similarity & How similar was the virtual hand to your own hand in appearance? & \\
Hand Ownership & Did you feel the virtual hand was your own hand? & \\
Hand Latency & Did the virtual hand seem to lag behind your movements? & \\
Hand Distraction & To what extent did the virtual hand distract you from the task? & \\
Hand Reference & Overall, did you focus on your own hand or the virtual hand to complete the task? & Bipolar (1=own, 7=virtual) \\
\midrule
Virtual Realism & How realistic was the virtual environment? & \scalegroup{2}{Unipolar (1-5)} \\
Virtual Similarity & How similar was the virtual environment to the real one? & \\
\midrule
Mental Demand & How mentally demanding was the task? & \scalegroup{6}{Bipolar (0-100)} \\
Temporal Demand & How hurried or rushed was the pace of the task? & \\
Physical Demand & How physically demanding was the task? & \\
Performance & How successful were you in accomplishing what you were asked to do? & \\
Effort & How hard did you have to work to accomplish your level of performance? & \\
Frustration & How insecure, discouraged, irritated, stressed, and annoyed were you? & \\
Mental Demand & How mentally demanding was the task? \\
Temporal Demand & How hurried or rushed was the pace of the task? \\
Physical Demand & How physically demanding was the task? \\
Performance & How successful were you in accomplishing what you were asked to do? \\
Effort & How hard did you have to work to accomplish your level of performance? \\
Frustration & How insecure, discouraged, irritated, stressed, and annoyed were you? \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{tabwide}
\end{tab}